ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), which includes both the predominantly inattentive subtype (often referred to as ADD) and the combined subtype, can affect people of all genders. However, the symptoms and the way they manifest can vary between males and females, and it’s essential to recognise these differences. Keep in mind that diagnosing ADHD should be done by a qualified healthcare professional, such as a psychiatrist, based on a comprehensive evaluation that considers your medical and psychological history, as well as your current symptoms.
Here are some general guidelines:
Common Symptoms of ADHD/ADD:
- Inattention:
- Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities.
- Frequent careless mistakes in schoolwork or other activities.
- Trouble organising tasks and activities.
- Avoidance of or reluctance to engage in tasks that require sustained mental effort.
- Frequently losing items necessary for tasks and activities.
- Easily distracted by extraneous stimuli.
- Forgetfulness in daily activities.
- Hyperactivity-Impulsivity (more common in males):
- Fidgeting or tapping hands or feet.
- Inability to stay seated in situations where it is expected.
- Running or climbing in inappropriate situations.
- Inability to play or engage in activities quietly.
- Talking excessively.
- Interrupting or intruding on others’ conversations or games.
- Difficulty waiting for one’s turn.
Symptom Differences Between Males and Females:
- Inattentive Symptoms (ADD): Inattentive symptoms may be more common in females. They might go unnoticed because they are often less disruptive than hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
- Hyperactivity-Impulsivity (more common in males): Boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, which are often the ones teachers and parents notice first. This can lead to earlier diagnosis in boys.
- Coping Mechanisms: Females with ADHD may develop coping mechanisms to mask their symptoms, such as daydreaming or becoming overly organised, which can make it less apparent.
- Social and Emotional Impact: ADHD can have significant social and emotional consequences for both genders, but girls may experience more internalised symptoms like anxiety and low self-esteem.
- Late Diagnosis: Girls and women with ADHD are often diagnosed later in life, sometimes in adulthood, because their symptoms may be less obvious or attributed to other factors.
Everyday signs of ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), whether it’s the predominantly inattentive subtype (often referred to as ADD) or the combined subtype, can manifest in various ways. It’s important to note that experiencing some of these signs doesn’t necessarily mean you have ADHD, as many people may occasionally display these behaviors. However, if you consistently experience several of these signs and they significantly impact your daily life, it may be a reason to consider seeking a professional evaluation for ADHD:
- Difficulty Staying Focused: You find it challenging to sustain attention on tasks that require mental effort, such as schoolwork, work assignments, or reading.
- Forgetfulness: You frequently forget appointments, deadlines, or everyday items like keys, wallet, or phone.
- Disorganisation: Your personal space, workspace, or daily routines are often disorganised and cluttered, making it difficult to find things or follow a schedule.
- Procrastination: You often delay starting or completing tasks, even when they’re important or urgent.
- Poor Time Management: You struggle to estimate how much time tasks will take and frequently underestimate, leading to time pressure and stress.
- Impulsivity: You tend to act without thinking about the consequences, which can lead to impulsive decisions or actions.
- Difficulty Listening: You may have trouble listening to others, frequently interrupt, or find your mind wandering during conversations or meetings.
- Avoidance of Boring Tasks: You avoid or have difficulty completing tasks that you find boring, tedious or repetitive.
- Losing Interest Quickly: You often start tasks or projects with enthusiasm but quickly lose interest or motivation.
- Restlessness: You feel a constant need to be on the move, fidget, or engage in physical activity, even in situations where it’s not appropriate.
- Trouble with Details: You may overlook important details or make careless mistakes in schoolwork, work projects, or other tasks.
- Difficulty with Prioritization: You have trouble deciding which tasks are most important and often focus on less critical activities.
- Chronic Lateness: You frequently arrive late for appointments, meetings or events despite your efforts to be punctual.
- Mood Swings: Emotional regulation can be challenging, and you may experience mood swings or emotional sensitivity.
- Multiple Unfinished Projects: You have a history of starting many projects but struggling to finish them.
- Overcommitment: You tend to take on too many tasks or obligations, leading to overwhelm.
